Economics

Economics is the social science that studies how individuals, businesses, governments, and societies make choices about resource allocation and the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It examines the behavior and interactions of economic agents and the functioning of economies, both at the microeconomic level (individual and firm behavior) and the macroeconomic level (overall economy performance, including GDP, unemployment, inflation, and fiscal policy). Economics is divided into various branches, including various theoretical frameworks and applied fields such as microeconomics, macroeconomics, international economics, and development economics. The fundamental concepts in economics include supply and demand, opportunity cost, scarcity, incentives, and market structures. Ultimately, economics seeks to understand how limited resources can be used most effectively to satisfy human wants and needs.